Pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery



June 1934- F. CASABLANCAS 1,964,661

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY FiledD00. 29, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inu'nl'an Fernando Cauallancalr Z? ULEAM9 June 26, 1934. CASABLANCAS 1,964,661

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY FiledDec. 29, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 26,, 1934 i UNlTED STATESPRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERYFernando Casablancas, Sabadell, Spain Application December 29, 1931,Serial No. 583,757 In Spain January 15, 1931 Claims.

In the mechanisms used for drawing textile slivers or rovings, not onlyin the case of mechanisms composed solely of pairs of cylinders but alsoin the case of large drawing mechanisms 5 which comprise endless beltsor other devices, it is always necessary to load the cylinders by meansof weights so that they may exert the necessary pressure upon the sliveror roving, for the satisfactory operation of the mechanism.

This pressure is usually obtained by means of a connecting rod whichacts upon the cylinders, either directly or else by means of asaddlepiece or pressure device which bears upon one or more of the pairsof cylinders. This connecting rod is operated by a weight which, in

some types of pressure mechanism, is suspended directly from theconnecting rod, whilst, in other cases, the weight is suspended from alever which I operates the connecting rod.

In pressure mechanisms hitherto used, if the weight be coupled direct tothe connecting rod or if between the weight and the connecting rod therebe inserted a lever, it will be found that when it is desired to relievethe cylinders from loadthat is to say to temporarily suppress the actionof the weightit is necessary to commence by dismounting the weight anddisconnecting the lever and the connecting rod, for which purpose it isnecessary to pass the hands between the threads and the rovings and thisnot only renders the operation diflicult but, furthermore, also easilyproduces breakages both of the threads and of the rovings. In additionthe connecting rods and the supports of the levers occupy the upper partof the cross-bar, of the spinning machine, upon which there are mountedthe drawing mechanisms thus rendering difficult the operation of fittingand removing the cleaning brushes from the lower cylinders.

Now the object of this invention is a pressure mechanism for drawingmechanisms, in which the cylinders can be relieved from load, that is tosay wherein it is possible to suppress the pressure exerted upon them,without its being necessary to dismount any part of the mechanism.

With the mechanism forming the subject matter of this invention in orderto relieve the cylinders from load it is suificient to remove theconnecting rod either by pulling the connecting rod upwards or byremoving the pressure saddle with the hand, if such a saddle pieceexists. The arrangement of the mechanism is such that, on

v releasing the connecting rod or the saddle piece they will remain in araised position without touching the cylinders and without its havingbeen necessary for this purpose to dismount the weight or any other partof the mechanism. When it is desired to exert pressure all that isnecessary is to push downwards by hand the connecting rod or saddlepiece, until it is supported upon the cylinders, and then the weightagain exerts its action and suitably loads the cylinders. With thismechanism it is, furthermore, possible for the surface of the cross-baror" the machine to be maintained free, which facilitates its cleaning,and the manipulation of the lower brushes.

The invention forming the subject matter of this patent consists inemploying, for the transmission of the action of the weight to theconnecting rod, a system of two levers which co-operate with each otherin such a manner that one lever receives the action of the weight andtransmits it to the other lever and this latter transmits it in its turnto the connecting rod. The form and arrangement of these two levers issuch that, when they are in the working position, they remain inapproximately a horizontal position one behind the other and the forceof the weight is transmitted from the rear lever to the front one but,on the contrary, if the front end of the anterior lever be raised, thiswill cause the rear lever to turn and they both remain fixed in such aposition that, even when the weight continues to act upon the rearlever, the action of said rear lever cannot cause the front lever toturn so that both levers remain motionless. when the connecting rod andthe pressure member are raised. As soon as, the connecting rod is pusheddownwards however, the anterior lever is again caused to oscillate andthe two return to the normal working position in which the action of theweight is transmitted to the connecting rod.

In order to ensure efficient working of the levers and to avoid theirslipping laterally and failing to act one upon the other it isadvantageous to connect the co-operating ends of the levers by means oftwo links or plates arranged one at each side so that perfect alignmentof the levers is assured and, furthermore, the operation of themechanism is facilitated, thus ensuring that the two levers will alwaysremain in contact at the said ends.

The system of levers according to this invention may be given differentform and arranged in several ways, an example being shown in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows in side elevation a drawing mechanism for continuousspinning apparatus to 110 which there has been applied the pressuremechanism forming the subject of this invention, the parts being shownin the normal working position.

Figure 2 shows the same mechanism but in the position in which thepressure member is inoperative the levers having been oscillated andheld fast.

Figure 3 is a detail of the method of articulating the front lever ofthe mechanism to the connecting rod, and

Figures 4 and 5 show two examples of modifications in the form of thelevers.

The drawing mechanism shown in the drawings as an example of theapplication of this invention is a mechanism of large capacity employingguide belts, and includes a pair of feed cylinders 1, 2 and a pair ofdrawing cylinders 3, 4, between which there are located a pair ofcylinders 5, 6 provided with guide belts '7 which travel with the sliveror roving to the drawing cylinders. In order to load these cylinders useis made in this mechanism of a pressure saddle-piece of a type alreadyknown such as disclosed in a prior Patent #1,760,'745 of the applicant,and composed of a rear part 8 which bears upon the cylinders 6 and 2 anda front part 9 which bears upon the cylinder 4. These two parts of thepressure member are coupled by means of a rod 10 fastened to the part 9,and which extends through an orifice in the part 8. The part 9 hasarticulated thereto a connecting rod 12 which transmits the action ofthe weight in order to load the cylinders. This method of transmittingpower from the connecting rod to the cylinders has been shown merely byway of example, and'does not form a part of this invention as, in itsplace, use may be made of any suitable substitute.

The mechanism which serves to transmit the action of the weight to therod 12, and which forms the object of this invention is constituted inthe following manner. Upon the cross-bar 13 of the machine, whichcarried the drawing mechanisms, there are fixed at suitable distances aseries of supports 14 and, mounted in these supports there are arrangedtwo bars 15 and 16 which serve as axes respectively for the rotation oflevers I7 and 18 corresponding to each one of the drawing mechanisms ofthe machine, that is to say to each rod 12. The lever 18 at its rear endcarries a rod 19 from which there hangs the weight which loads thecylinders, and its front end 20 is fiat. Upon this end 20 there bearsthe rear end 21 of the lever 17 which has the form of a point orprojection, whilst at the front end 22 of this same lever 17 there isarticulated the pressure rod 12.

In the normal working position shown in Figure 1 the force of the weighthanging from the rod 19 tends to raise the end 20 of the lever 18, and,consequently, also the end 21 of the lever 17 and it also causes thedescent of the end 22 of this same lever, thus transmitting a tractive Neffect to the connecting rod 12.

The lever 17 has formed at its end 22 a slot 25, with which thereengages the connecting rod 12, and which slot is partially closed by apart 23 rotatable round the pin 24 and actuated by a spring 26 whichtends to close the said slot, as may be seen more clearly in detail inFigure 3.

In order to ensure thatv the two levers 17, 18 will always remain in thesame plane, so that their ends may always be in contact, it ispreferable to couple the ends of these two levers by means of two linksor plates 27 attached to each other by means of pins or rivets 28, whichpass through slots provided at the ends of the levers 17, 18.

When the mechanism is in the position shown in Figure l, the force ofthe weight which hangs from the connecting rod 19 is transmitted to theconnecting rod 12 and to the pressure member 8, 9 and if it be desiredto relieve the cylinders from load, that is to say to suppress thepressure exerted by this part 8, 9, it suihces to raise this pressuremember by grasping the handle 11 and placing it in the position shown inFigure 2. By this movement the connecting rod 12 exerts a tractiveeiTect upon the front end of the lever 17, compelling it to rotate, andin its turn this lever 17 causes the rotation of the lever 18 and, dueto the special form of the ends of these levers, when both reach theposition shown in Figure 2, the force exerted by the lever 18 upon theend of the lever 17 is above the dead centre and, consequently, the twolevers remain fixed in position so that the lever 18 in spite of theaction of the.

weight which hangs from the connecting rod 19 cannot cause the lever 17to rotate. In this position the handle 11 of the pressure member can bereleased and the two levers remain in the position shown in Figure 2 andthe pressure member remains also raised and rests, by means of theconnecting rod 12, upon the hook of the lever 17.

When downward pressure is exerted with the hand upon the handle 11 ofthe pressure member, the connecting rod 12 again causes the lever 17 torotate, thus returning it to the position shown in Figure 1 and thelever 18 partly due to the action of the weight hanging from theconnecting rod 19, and partly through the action of the links used forarticulation 27, turns in sympathy with the movement of the lever 1'7and also returns to the position shown in Figure 1 in which the actionof the weight is transmitted to the connecting rod 12 and to thepressure member 8, 9.

When the mechanism is in the position shown in Figure 2 it is easy toremove the pressure member 8, 9 and its connecting rod 12, in order todismount the entire drawing mechanism, the connecting rod 12 beingdisengaged from the slot of the lever 17, for which purpose it issuflicient to exert a slight pull in a forward direction without varyingin the slightest degree the position of the levers 17 and 18 shown inFigure 2.

In order to again then connect the rod 12 with the lever 17, it suiiicesto introduce it intothe slot 25 with a slight pressure which causes thepart 23 to rise soas to allow the end of the connecting rod to enter,the part 23 again descending due tothe pressure of the spring 26.

In Figure 1 it has been shown that the lever 18 has an eye-piece 29 forthe articulation of the connecting rod 19 in order that, on raising thislever, and adopting the position shown in Figure 2, the connecting roddue to the action of the weight may move towards the left of the figureand so that in this way there may be shortened the arm of the lever uponwhich the weight acts. This arrangement, however, is not indispensableand in the Figures 4 and 5 there are represented two modifications ofthe arrangement of the levers in which this eye-piece does not exist.

In the arrangement according to Figure. 4 the eye-piece 29, for thesuspension of the connecting rod 19, is replaced by a slot 31 andthemovable part 23, which closes the slot of the lever 17, is replaced by aspring which operates in asimilar manner.

In the modification shown in Figure 5 instead of using the two links 27for the connection of the levers there is arranged at the front end ofthe lever 18 and at each side thereof a guide member 32 in such a mannerthat between the two parts a groove is formed the bottom of which iscomposed of the straight end 20 of the lever 18. Between these two guidemembers 32 there is placed the end 21 of the lever 17, and in order toprevent the two levers from becoming uncoupled the lever 17 is providedwith a projection 33 which is adapted to co-operate with a slot 34provided in the guiding members 32.

To permit of the convenient regulation of the pressure mechanism whenmounting it upon a machine already in existence the supports 14 can beso arranged as to be regulatable as shown in Figures 1 and 2. For thispurpose the support 14 has pivoted thereto a plate 36 by means of ascrew 35 the position of which plates around the screw 35 beingdetermined by means of a binding screw 37 which passes through a slot38. The plate 36, which is regulatable in position, has attached theretothe bars 15 and 16; and the rear plate 14 having slots at the pointwhere the bars pass therethrough, so as to permit of a movement ofrotation on the part of the member 36 with a view to the desiredregulation of the position of the two bars 15, 16.

I claim:-

1. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers orrovings comprising a pair of levers arranged one behind the other, therear lever provided along its inner end with a straight portion, thefront lever having its outer end cut to provide a curved portion, meansfor connecting the levers to permit the curved portion to rest upon thestraight portion, means carried by said rear lever whereby force istransmitted to the front lever, and means for operating the forwardlever to rotate the rear lever until the forward lever reaches deadcenter of its rotary movement whereby both levers are locked againstrotation.

2. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers orrovings comprising a front and rear lever having contacting endportions, the said end portions adapted to have elongated slots cuttherein, pins movable in said slots, and plates or links connected bythe pins adjacent the contacting ends of the levers and movabletherewith to initially hold the levers in alignment whereby the movementof the front lever in both directions causes the rear lever to rotate.

3. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers orrovings provided with drawing cylinders comprising a pair of cross barssupported to extend in parallel alignment with the drawing cylinders, apair of levers provided with arms and arranged to contact with eachother, one of said levers mounted to pivot on one of the cross bars, theother lever mounted to pivot on the other cross bar, an arm of one ofsaid levers adapted to carry a weight whereby pressure is transmittedthrough said levers, and means for rotating the other lever whereby bothlevers will rotate to assume a locked position against further movementof the same.

4. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing slivers or rovingsprovided with drawing cylinders, comprising a pair of levers connectedtogether at one end to hold the ends in contact with each other, one ofsaid levers cut to form a notch on its opposite end, a yoke pivotallymounted on said end portion of the lever and also cut to provide a notchtherein, a pressure member mounted to engage the drawing cylinders, arod connecting said pressure member with the notches formed in saidlever and yoke, and means for flexibly holding the notches in alignmentto secure the rod and also permit movement of the yoke to disconnect theparts.

5. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers orrovings comprising a pair of levers arranged one behind the other,

means for connecting'the levers whereby force is transmitted from therear lever to the forward lever, and means for operating the forwardlever until the forward lever reaches dead center of its rotary movementwhereby both levers are locked against rotation.

FERNANDO CASABLANCAS.

ar-2n MID

